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flatiron gunboat
Flat-iron gunboats (more formally known as Rendel gunboats) were a number of classes of coastal gunboats generally characterised by small size, low freeboard and the absence of masts.〔Some Rendel-type gunboats were fitted with masts (the British ''Medina'' class, the Russian ''Sivutch'' class and at least some of the Chinese alphabeticals); they are included in the article for completeness〕 They acquired their nickname from the physical similarity with the flat iron used for ironing clothes during the 19th century.
The first flat-iron gunboat was launched in 1867, and the last in 1894, with the vast majority being built in the years 1870 - 1880. They were designed as a cheap coastal defence weapon, a role they failed to achieve successfully; they found their greatest utility in offensive coastal bombardment. Strongly built, they lasted in some cases into the late 20th century, and saw action in both World Wars. The hull of the British flat-iron ''Medway'' lies in shallow water off Bermuda, and the Norwegian flat-iron ''Tyr'' was afloat as recently as October 2009 under the name ''Bjorn West''.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Fjordferjer i Norge (Norwegian Language) )〕
==Origin==
In 1867 Sir W G Armstrong & Company signed an agreement with a local shipbuilder, Dr. Charles Mitchell, whereby Mitchell’s shipyard would build warships and Armstrong’s company would provide the armaments. George Rendel was put in charge of the new venture, and the vessels designed under his leadership were based on a small craft used by the Armstrong factory to test heavy guns.〔 With the assistance of the leading gunnery expert Admiral Sir Astley Cooper-Key, he turned these craft into a gunboat designed for defensive coastal operations.〔Preston, pp.10 - 11〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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